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What is the disadvantage of round robin?

Disadvantages of Round Robin Algorithm Low slicing time reduces processor output. Spends more time on context switching. Performance depends on time quantum. Processes don't have priorities.

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This algorithm works on the principle of round-robin, where an equal share of an object is given to each person in turns. Mostly used for multitasking, this is the oldest and simplest scheduling algorithm that offers starvation-free execution. Each ready task has to run turn by turn in a cyclic queue for a limited time period in round-robin (RR).

Example of Round Robin Algorithm

Following are three processes with their burst time:

Process Queue Burst time P1 4 P2 3 P3 5

Step 1: Process P1 executes first. Every process executes for 2 seconds so processes P2 and P3 are in the waiting queue. Step 2: At time = 2, P2 starts executing and P1 is added to the end of the Queue. Step 3: At time = 4, P3 starts executing and P2 is added at the end of the queue. Step 4: At time = 6, P1 starts executing and P3 is added at the end of the queue. Step 5: At time = 8, As P1 has a burst time of 4 it completes execution and P2 starts execution. Step 6: With a burst time of 3, process P2 executes for 2 intervals. At time = 9, P2 completes execution and P3 starts execution till completion.

Step 7: Average waiting time is:

Waiting time

P1 = 0 + 4 = 4

P2 = 2 + 4 = 6

P3 = 4 + 3 = 7

Characteristics of Round Robin Scheduling

Following are some important characteristics of RR:

A preemptive scheduling algorithm.

CPU shifts to the next process after a fixed time interval known as time quantum or time-slice.

Preempted processes are added to the end of the queue.

A hybrid and clock-driven model.

Time slice is usually the minimum but differs from OS to OS.

A real time algorithm that responds to an event within a specific time limit.

Oldest, fairest, and easiest algorithm.

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Widely used in traditional OS.

Following are the advantages of RR:

No issues of starvation or convoy effect.

Every job gets a fair allocation of CPU.

No priority scheduling is involved.

Total number of processes on the run queue helps assume the worst-case response time for a process.

Doesn’t depend on burst time and is easily implementable.

When a process executes for a specific time, it is preempted, and another process takes its place executing for that same time period.

Context switching helps save states of preempted processes.

Best performance in terms of average response time.

Disadvantages of Round Robin Algorithm

Following are the disadvantages of RR:

Low slicing time reduces processor output.

Spends more time on context switching.

Performance depends on time quantum.

Processes don’t have priorities.

No special priority to more important tasks.

Decreases comprehension.

Higher context switching overhead due to lower time quantum.

Difficult to find a correct time quantum.

Worst Case Latency

Worst Case Latency is the maximum time taken for execution of all tasks. Following is the formula for worst-case latency is: Tworst = {(dti + sti + eti), + (dti + sti + eti)2 +…+ (dti + sti + eti)N., + (dti + sti + eti + eti)N} + tISR

t,SR = sum of all execution times

dt = Detection time when a task enters the list

st = Time required to switch from one task to another

et = Execution time of task

Summary

Round Robin process scheduling algorithm works on the principle of round-robin, where an equal share of an object is given to each person in turns. Oldest, fairest, and easiest scheduling algorithms. It spends a lot of time on context switching. Worst-case latency is the maximum time taken for the execution of all the tasks in the OS.

data-flair.training - Round Robin Scheduling Algorithm - DataFlair

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