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What is the trick for remembering sharp keys?

To learn the order of sharps and flats in key signatures, simply remember these details: Sharps go up, while flats go down. (A sharp raises a note by a half step, while a flat lowers it.) The first sharp encountered in a key signature is F-sharp, while the first flat is B-flat.

key-notes.com - Memorizing the Keys

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Memorizing the Keys

Question: Hi Albert, I’m finding it nearly impossible to memorize the keys. (Which key has 5 sharps, which key has 4 flats, etc.) It may not help that I’m 74 years old, but I would have a difficult time memorizing them even if I was 24. I’m hoping you have a “trick” suggestion for memorizing the various keys. Thanks. – Willard Crawford (Llano, California, USA) Albert’s reply: No need to do it the hard way… there is an easy way! First, to learn the keys themselves, you simply need to learn the Circle of Fifths. To learn the order of sharps and flats in key signatures, simply remember these details: Sharps go up, while flats go down. (A sharp raises a note by a half step, while a flat lowers it.) The first sharp encountered in a key signature is F-sharp, while the first flat is B-flat. The next accidental (sharp or flat) is always a fifth away.

Sharps

Let’s start with the sharps. The first sharp is F-sharp, as mentioned. Since sharps raise notes, think “up.” Going up a fifth from F-sharp, we arrive at C-sharp (think F-G-A-B-C). A fifth above C-sharp is G-sharp (think C-D-E-F-G). A fifth above G-sharp is D-sharp (think G-A-B-C-D). A fifth above D-sharp is A-sharp (think D-E-F-G-A). A fifth above A-sharp is E-sharp (think A-B-C-D-E). Finally, a fifth above E-sharp is B-sharp (think E-F-G-A-B). Thus, the order of the sharps is F-sharp, C-sharp, G-sharp, D-sharp, A-sharp, E-sharp, B-sharp! (The sharps zigzag in the key signature simply so they can all fit on a 5-line staff – in reality they keep ascending by a fifth.)

Flats

Now let’s do the flats. The first flat is B-flat. Since flats lower notes, associate flats with “down.” Going down a fifth from B-flat, we arrive at E-flat (think B-A-G-F-E). A fifth down from E-flat is A-flat (think E-D-C-B-A). A fifth below A-flat is D-flat (think A-G-F-E-D). A fifth below D-flat is G-flat (think D-C-B-A-G). A fifth below G-flat is C-flat (think G-F-E-D-C). Finally, a fifth below C-flat is F-flat (think C-B-A-G-F). The order of the flats is thus B-flat, E-flat, A-flat, D-flat, G-flat, C-flat, F-flat! (The flats zigzag in the key signature simply so they can all fit on a 5-line staff – in reality they keep descending by a fifth.) If you just remember the above rules, you can easily reconstruct the order of the flats and sharps in your mind. Here is a table of all the key signatures. In this table, major keys are listed in uppercase and their relative minor keys in lowercase.

The “flat” keys:

# Flats Flats Key 1 B♭ F / d 2 B♭, E♭ B♭ / g 3 B♭, E♭, A♭ E♭ / c 4 B♭, E♭, A♭, D♭ A♭ / f 5 B♭, E♭, A♭, D♭, G♭ D♭ / b♭ 6 B♭, E♭, A♭, D♭, G♭, C♭ G♭ / e♭ 7 B♭, E♭, A♭, D♭, G♭, C♭, F♭ C♭ / a♭

The “sharp” keys:

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Why do Jews say opa?

Opa is also used in many Balkan countries such as Italy, Bulgaria, Romania, Albania, Serbia, Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina and North Macedonia as an expression of shock and surprise, or in their traditional folk dances. In Jewish culture, it is used for mazel tov.

en.wikipedia.org - Opa (Greek expression) - Wikipedia

Mediterranean emotional expression

"Opa" exclaimed by a waiter in a Greek restaurant in Chicago while lighting saganaki on fire Opa (Greek: ώπα) is a common North African and East Mediterranean emotional expression. It is frequently used during celebrations such as weddings or traditional dancing.[1] In Greek culture, the expression sometimes accompanies the act of plate smashing.[2] It can also be used to express enthusiasm, shock or surprise, or just after having made a mistake. Opa is also used in many Balkan countries such as Bulgaria, Romania, Albania, Serbia, Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina and North Macedonia as an expression of shock and surprise, or in their traditional folk dances. In Jewish culture, it is used for mazel tov. Arabs in the Eastern Mediterranean sometimes pronounce it as "obah" (in Arabic, due to the absence of the letter 'p'), and especially use the expression when picking up or playing with children. Opa also appears in both Brazil and Portugal. A less common variation is "epa". Besides being used as an emotional expression, opa (or epa) can also be used as a way of getting someone's attention (similar to "Hey!" in English). In Romanian (hopa) and Russian culture (опа) it is used during the short phase of concentration on an action (similar to "come on" in English), the expectation of successful process during the action and the subsequent completion of it, for example, when throwing a basketball into the basket, getting off the bike or picking up a child. The use of this expression is popular in most Eastern European countries.

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